| Parliament name (generic / translated) |
Országgyülés / National Assembly |
| Structure of parliament |
Unicameral |
| LEGAL FRAMEWORK |
| Electoral Law |
30 October 1989
Last amendment: 16.07.2005 |
| Mode of designation |
directly elected 386 |
| Constituencies |
- 176 single-member constituencies
- 20 territorial multi-member constituencies (returning 146 Deputies)
(the remaining 64 Deputies are chosen from "national lists" of candidates) |
| Voting system |
Mixed:
Two-round system in single member constituencies:
Each elector casts two votes, one for an individual candidate and one for a party list. If, within the constituency, no candidate obtains an absolute majority of the votes in the first round, or if less than half of the registered electors have voted, a second round is held. In the latter case (fewer than half of the voters), all candidates may run again; the one then obtaining the most votes is declared elected, provided that at least 25% of the constituency's electorate has voted. In the former case (no absolute majority for any individual), all candidates having gained at least 15% of the valid votes may run again; if this number is only one or two, the three having obtained the most first ballot votes are entitled to continue. In either event, the candidate with the most votes is then declared elected, provided that at least 25% of the constituency's electorate has voted.
Proportional representation in territorial constituencies:
Proportional representation (simple electoral quotient) in a single ballot, unless voter participation falls below 50%. Parties polling less than 5% of the popular vote do not gain a parliamentary seat through this system.
National constituency:
64 seats are allotted to political parties on a full proportional basis according to "scrap votes", i.e. those cast for previously unsuccessful constituency candidates or lists, added together to form a national total.
Vacancies arising between general elections are filled through by elections (in single member constituencies), while vacancies of territorial or national list seats are filled by the party concerned from among the candidates figuring on its original list.
Voting is not compulsory. |
| Voter requirements |
- age: 18 years
- Hungarian citizenship including naturalized citizens
- residence in Hungary at the time of election
- disqualifications: insanity/mental illness, guardianship, holders of temporary entry permits, undocumented immigrants, persons barred from public affairs by court decision, imprisonment, institutional medical care pursuant to criminal procedure |
| CANDIDATES |
| Eligibility |
- qualified electors
- age: 18 years
- Hungarian citizenship including naturalized citizens
- ineligibilities: insanity/mental illness, guardianship, holders of temporary entry permits, undocumented immigrants, persons barred from public affairs by court decision, imprisonment, institutional medical care pursuant to criminal procedure |
| Incompatibilities |
- President of the Republic
- members of the Constitutional Court
- certain other public or state offices
- judges
- membership of the armed, police or security forces |
| Candidacy requirements |
- party or independent candidatures
- support of at least 750 electors is required per candidature (for single-member constituencies)
- candidates' names appear on party lists (in territorial constituencies)
- territorial lists are reserved for parties having nominated candidates in a defined number of the single-member constituencies of a specific territory
- national lists are reserved for parties contesting seats in at least seven territorial constituencies
- each party's territorial or national list may contain triple the number of candidates as seats to be filled; multiple-level individual candidatures are possible. |
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