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MONGOLIA
Ulsiin Ih Hural (State Great Hural)

This page contains the full text of the PARLINE database entry on the selected parliamentary chamber, with the exception of Oversight and Specialized bodies modules which, because of their excessive length, can be only viewed and printed separately.

Modules:
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE PARLIAMENTARY CHAMBER

Parliament name (generic / translated) Ulsiin Ih Hural / State Great Hural
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Structure of parliament Unicameral
Affiliation to the IPU Yes
Affiliation date(s) 1962 -
LEADERSHIP
President Miyegombo Enkhbold (M) 
Notes Elected on 5 July 2016.
Secretary General Tsedev Tsolmon (M) 
COMPOSITION
Members (statutory / current number) 76 / 76
PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN


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Women (current number) 13 (17.11%)
Mode of designation directly elected 76
Term 4 years
Last renewal dates 29 June 2016
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CONTACT INFORMATION
Address State Great Hural
State Palace
ULAANBAATAR 12
(Export mailing lists)
Phone (976 51) 26 70 16
26 21 50
26 04 96
26 28 66
26 26 36
Fax (976 11) 32 21 50
E-mail bayarmaaj@parliament.mn
Website
http://www.parliament.mn/

ELECTORAL SYSTEM

Parliament name (generic / translated) Ulsiin Ih Hural / State Great Hural
Structure of parliament Unicameral
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Electoral law 1 April 1992
Last updated on 5 May 2016
Mode of designation directly elected 76
Constituencies 76 single-member constituencies
Voting system Majority: First Past The Post (FPTP).
Polling only valid if at least 50% of the registered electors have turned out in each constituency.
Vacancies arising between general elections are filled through by-elections.
Voting is not compulsory.
Voter requirements - age: 18 years
- Mongolian citizenship
- residence in Mongolia
Disqualifications:
- insanity/mental illness
- guardianship/word
- holders of temporary entry permits
- undocumented immigrants
CANDIDATES
Eligibility - qualified electors
- age: 25 years
- Mongolian citizenship
Ineligibilities: Head of the Election Commission, civil servants.
Incompatibilities - Head of State
- Ministers of State
- Holders of public posts
- Holders of judicial offices (judges)
- Civil servants
- Government advisors
- Head of the Electoral Commission
- Executive of a public (state) corporation
- Staff member of a public (state) corporation
- Members of the armed forces
- Members of the police forces
Candidacy requirements - by officially registered political parties or coalitions
- 20 per cent of candidates of each party/coalition must be women
- support of at least 801 electors of the constituency concerned

LAST ELECTIONS

Parliament name (generic / translated) Ulsiin Ih Hural / State Great Hural
Structure of parliament Unicameral
BACKGROUND
Dates of election / renewal (from/to) 29 June 2016
Timing and scope of renewal The Mongolian People's Party (MPP) has governed the country for 18 of the 26 years since Mongolia's democratic revolution in 1990. The MPP regained power in 2016 after four years in opposition. The First Past The Post system was applied for the first time in these elections (see note). The MPP, led by former Prime Minister Miyegombo Enkhbold, won 65 seats (or 86 per cent) of the 76-member State Great Hural and garnered 45 per cent the vote. The ruling Democrat Party (DP) won nine seats and 33 per cent of the vote. Prominent DP members lost their seats, including Prime Minister Chimed Saikhanbileg and Speaker and DP leader, Mr. Zandaakhuu Enkhbold. During election campaigning, the major parties focused on economic development: growth had dropped from a record 17.5 per cent in 2011 to 3 per cent in 2015.

On 5 July, President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj (DP) opened the new State Great Hural. MPP Chairman Miyegombo Enkhbold was elected as the new Speaker. On 8 July, the State Great Hural approved Mr. Jargaltulga Erdenebat (MPP) as Prime Minister.

Note:
The 2016 elections were initially to be held under the mixed system, which had been applied for the first time in 2012. On 25 December 2015, parliament therefore adopted a new electoral law, which retained the mixed system. However, on 21 April 2016, the Supreme Court invalidated the proportional representation element of the mixed electoral system: the court held that that element of the system did not comply with the constitutional requirement for elections to be direct. On 5 May, parliament adopted amendments to the 2015 electoral law with the support of the two major parties. The 2016 amendments introduced 76 single-member constituencies. The 30 per cent quota for women in the 2015 electoral law was reduced to 20 per cent, which was the percentage that was applied in the 2012 elections.
Date of previous elections: 28 June 2012

Timing of election: Upon normal expiry

Expected date of next elections: June 2020

Number of seats at stake: 76 (full renewal)

Number of candidates: 498 (369 men, 129 women)

Percentage of women candidates: 25.9%

Number of parties contesting the election: 12

Number of parties winning seats: 3

Alternation of power: Yes

Number of parties in government: 1

Names of parties in government: Mongolian People's Party (MPP)

Date of the first session of the new parliament: 5 July 2016

Name of the new Speaker: Mr. Enkhbold Miyegombo (Mongolian People's Party, MPP)
STATISTICS
Voter turnout
Round no 129 June 2016
Number of registered electors
Voters
Blank or invalid ballot papers
Valid votes
1'911'047
1'406'123 (73.58%)

Notes
Distribution of votes
Round no 1
Political group Candidates Votes % of votes
Mongolian People's Party (MPP)
Democratic Party (DP)
Independents
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP)
Distribution of seats
Round no 1
Political Group Total of seats
Mongolian People's Party (MPP) 65
Democratic Party (DP) 9
Independents 1
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) 1
Distribution of seats according to sex
Men

Women

Percent of women
63

13

17.11%
Distribution of seats according to age
Distribution of seats according to profession
Comments
Sources:
State Great Hural (20.07.2016, 16.12.2016)
http://gec.gov.mn/en/
http://gec.gov.mn/en/uploads/ELECTION_LAW_OF_MONGOLIA.pdf
http://en.montsame.mn/
http://theubpost.mn

PRESIDENCY OF THE PARLIAMENTARY CHAMBER

Parliament name (generic / translated) Ulsiin Ih Hural / State Great Hural
Structure of parliament Unicameral
APPOINTMENT AND TERM OF OFFICE
Title Chairman of the State Great Hural
Term - duration: 4 years (term of House)
- reasons for interruption of the term: resignation, conviction of a crime, death, dissolution of Parliament
Appointment - elected by all Members of the State Great Hural
- the election is held at the beginning of the first session of the newly elected Parliament
- after members' mandates have been validated and they have been sworn in

Eligibility - any Member of the State Great Hural may be a candidate
Voting system formal vote by secret ballot
- two-third majority required for all rounds
- if there is a succession of votes, new candidates are admitted
Procedures / results - the eldest Member presides over the Assembly during the voting
- the eldest Member announces the results without delay
- the results cannot be challenged
STATUS
Status - ranks second in the hierarchy of State
- may serve as acting Head of State in the latter's absence
- represents the Assembly with the authorities
- is an ex officio member of the Security Council of Mongolia
- represents the Assembly in international bodies
- in the absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker can assume his/her role and functions
Board
Material facilities - allowance
- official residence
- official car
- additional staff
- household staff
- bodyguards
FUNCTIONS
Organization of parliamentary business - convenes sessions
- establishes and modifies the agenda
- organizes the debates and sets speaking time
- examines the admissibility of bills and amendments
- refers texts to a committee for study
- examines the admissibility of request for setting up committees and/or committees of enquiry, proposes or decides on the setting up of such committees
Chairing of public sittings - can open, adjourn and close sittings
- ensures respect for provisions of the Constitution and Standing Orders
- makes announcements concerning the Assembly
- takes disciplinary measures in the event of disturbance, and lifts such measures
- establishes the list of speakers, gives and withdraws permission to speak
- establishes the order in which amendments are taken up and selects which amendments are to be debated
- calls for a vote, decides how it is to be carried out, verifies the voting procedure and cancels a vote in the event of irregularities
- checks the quorum
- interprets the rules or other regulations governing the life of the Assembly
- has discretionary power to give the floor outside the agenda and thus organizes impromptu debates
Special powers The Secretary General:
- recruits, assigns and promotes staff
- organizes the services of the Assembly
- plays a specific role in the supervision of foreign affairs or defence matters
- is responsible for relations with foreign Parliaments
- is responsible for safety, and in this capacity, can call the police in the event of disturbance in the Assembly
Speaking and voting rights, other functions - takes the floor in legislative debates
- provides guidelines for interpretating or supplementing the text under discussion
- takes part in voting
- proposes bills or amendments
- intervenes in the parliamentary oversight procedure
- signs laws before transmitting them to the Head of State for promulgation

This page was last updated on 14 September 2017
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